Learning Python Day: 58

Python Object Oriented Programming Course – Codecademy

Programming paradigm – a way to classify different programming languages and the unique features that they offer

Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) – ability to create programs around classes and objects

Breakdown:

• representing a real-world entity (a dog) as a class with properties (name and age) and methods (bark)
• these features make up the core of the OOP paradigm and allow us to build more intricate programs
• Need to explore four core pillars of OOP

Four Pillars of Object-Oriented Programming

• Encapsulation – bundle related data and behavior and limit data scope
• Abstraction – hide complex logic from the user to make code more accessible
• Inheritance – class can inherit all the functionality and attributes of another class
• Polymorphism – idea that two or more classes can be of the same type and used interchangeably

Excercise:

• Create a class, Employee
• Define a variable, new_id and set it equal to 1

• Each employee instance needs its own unique ID
• Define an __init__() method
• Inside __init__(), define self.id and set it equal to the class variable new_id
• Lastly, increment new_id by 1

• create a function to output the instance id
• Inside the Employee class:
• Define a say_id() method
• Inside say_id(), output the string "My id is " and then the instance id

• create 2 employees and have them give their ids
• Outside of the Employee class:
• Define the variable e1 and set it to an instance of Employee
• Define the variable e2 and set it to an instance of Employee
• Have both e1 and e2 output their ids